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Black Sea sprat
The Black Sea sprat, ''Clupeonella cultriventris'', is a small fish of the herring family, Clupeidae. It is found in the Black Sea and Sea of Azov and rivers of its basins: Danube, Dniester, Dnieper, Southern Bug, Don, Kuban. It has white-grey flesh and silver-grey scales. A typical size is 10 cm (maximum 15 cm)〔 The life span is of up to 5 years.〔 The peak of its spawning is in April and it can be found in enormous shoals in sea-shores, filled all-round coastal shallows, moving quickly back in the sea at a depth of 6–30 metres. Used for food; it has around 12% fat in flesh.
It is one of the most abundant fishes in the Sea of Azov. It is important prey for other fishes, particularly the pikeperch.〔Рыбы вод Украины (Тюлька черноморско-азовская (Clupeonella cultriventris (Nordmann, 1840)) ) fish.kiev.ua〕
The Caspian tyulka ''Clupeonella caspia'' has been long considered a subspecies of ''C. cultriventris'', ''C. cultriventris caspia'', and a common name "Black and Caspian Sea sprat" was then applied to the whole.〔( C. cultriventris (Nordmann,1840) - черноморско-каспийская тюлька ) Позвоночные животные России. sevin.ru〕
==References==
* Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. (2008) (''Clupeonella cultriventris'' ) The IUCN Red List
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